IGCSE Practice

Cambridge IGCSE·Co-ordinated Sciences 0654·Physics Lenses
📋Key knowledge — Waves

Formulas & equations

  • Wave speed = frequency × wavelength (v = fλ)
  • Period = 1 ÷ frequency (T = 1/f)
  • Snell's law: n₁ sin θ₁ = n₂ sin θ₂
  • Refractive index: n = sin i ÷ sin r = speed in vacuum ÷ speed in medium
  • Critical angle: sin C = 1/n

Key facts & rules

  • Transverse wave: oscillations perpendicular to direction of travel (light, water, EM waves).
  • Longitudinal wave: oscillations parallel to direction of travel (sound, P-waves).
  • Amplitude: maximum displacement from equilibrium — related to energy/loudness.
  • Frequency (Hz): number of complete waves per second.
  • Wavelength: distance between two adjacent identical points.
  • Reflection: angle of incidence = angle of reflection (measured from normal).
  • Refraction: wave changes speed when entering a new medium → changes direction.
  • Total internal reflection: occurs when angle of incidence > critical angle (light going dense → less dense).
  • Electromagnetic spectrum (low to high frequency): radio → microwave → infrared → visible → UV → X-ray → gamma.
  • All EM waves travel at 3 × 10⁸ m/s in a vacuum.

IGCSE Physics — Lenses

25 Cambridge IGCSE 0654 questions on lenses, across all three components.

About lenses on IGCSE 0654

Every Cambridge IGCSE Co-ordinated Sciences 0654 question on lenses (Waves, Physics), across all three exam components. Theory and alternative-to-practical come with full mark schemes; multiple choice is interactive — click an option to check it.

Theory

Papers 3 & 4 · 6 questions · Structured written questions, each with its full mark scheme.
Lenses — Core theory questions2 total · Paper 3

Exercise 1 — IGCSE 0654 Nov 2024 Paper 31 Q9

Cambridge past paperCore9 marks Paper 31Nov 2024
IGCSE 0654 Nov 2024 Paper 31 Question 9 — Lenses
Show mark scheme
Mark scheme for IGCSE 0654 Nov 2024 Paper 31 Q9

Exercise 2 — IGCSE 0654 Mar 2023 Paper 32 Q6

Cambridge past paperCore12 marks Paper 32Mar 2023
IGCSE 0654 Mar 2023 Paper 32 Question 6 — Lenses
Show mark scheme
Mark scheme for IGCSE 0654 Mar 2023 Paper 32 Q6
Lenses — Extended theory questions4 total · Paper 4

Exercise 3 — IGCSE 0654 Jun 2024 Paper 43 Q6

Cambridge past paperExtended9 marks Paper 43Jun 2024
IGCSE 0654 Jun 2024 Paper 43 Question 6 — Lenses
Show mark scheme
Mark scheme for IGCSE 0654 Jun 2024 Paper 43 Q6

Exercise 4 — IGCSE 0654 Jun 2023 Paper 43 Q9

Cambridge past paperExtended12 marks Paper 43Jun 2023
IGCSE 0654 Jun 2023 Paper 43 Question 9 — Lenses
Show mark scheme
Mark scheme for IGCSE 0654 Jun 2023 Paper 43 Q9

Exercise 5 — IGCSE 0654 Mar 2023 Paper 42 Q9

Cambridge past paperExtended9 marks Paper 42Mar 2023
IGCSE 0654 Mar 2023 Paper 42 Question 9 — Lenses
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Mark scheme for IGCSE 0654 Mar 2023 Paper 42 Q9
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Multiple choice

Papers 1 & 2 · 15 questions · Click an option (A–D) to check your answer instantly.
Lenses — Core multiple choice questions6 total · Paper 1

Exercise 1 — IGCSE 0654 May/June 2025 Paper 11 Q34

Cambridge past paperCore1 mark Paper 11May/June 2025
IGCSE 0654 May/June 2025 Paper 11 Question 34 — Lenses
Show answer
Correct answer: B

Exercise 2 — IGCSE 0654 March 2025 Paper 12 Q35

Cambridge past paperCore1 mark Paper 12March 2025
IGCSE 0654 March 2025 Paper 12 Question 35 — Lenses
Show answer
Correct answer: C

Exercise 3 — IGCSE 0654 May/June 2022 Paper 11 Q34

Cambridge past paperCore1 mark Paper 11May/June 2022
IGCSE 0654 May/June 2022 Paper 11 Question 34 — Lenses
Show answer
Correct answer: A

Exercise 4 — IGCSE 0654 May/June 2022 Paper 12 Q34

Cambridge past paperCore1 mark Paper 12May/June 2022
IGCSE 0654 May/June 2022 Paper 12 Question 34 — Lenses
Show answer
Correct answer: B
Lenses — Extended multiple choice questions9 total · Paper 2

Exercise 5 — IGCSE 0654 Oct/Nov 2025 Paper 21 Q33

Cambridge past paperExtended1 mark Paper 21Oct/Nov 2025
IGCSE 0654 Oct/Nov 2025 Paper 21 Question 33 — Lenses
Show answer
Correct answer: A

Exercise 6 — IGCSE 0654 May/June 2025 Paper 22 Q34

Cambridge past paperExtended1 mark Paper 22May/June 2025
IGCSE 0654 May/June 2025 Paper 22 Question 34 — Lenses
Show answer
Correct answer: A

Exercise 7 — IGCSE 0654 March 2025 Paper 22 Q35

Cambridge past paperExtended1 mark Paper 22March 2025
IGCSE 0654 March 2025 Paper 22 Question 35 — Lenses
Show answer
Correct answer: B

Exercise 8 — IGCSE 0654 Oct/Nov 2025 Paper 23 Q34

Cambridge past paperExtended1 mark Paper 23Oct/Nov 2025
IGCSE 0654 Oct/Nov 2025 Paper 23 Question 34 — Lenses
Show answer
Correct answer: B
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Alternative to practical

Paper 6 · 4 questions · Experiment-based questions, each with its full mark scheme.

Exercise 1 — IGCSE 0654 Oct/Nov 2025 Paper 61 Q5

Cambridge past paperPractical Paper 61Oct/Nov 2025
IGCSE 0654 Oct/Nov 2025 Paper 61 Question 5 — Lenses
Show mark scheme
Mark scheme for IGCSE 0654 Oct/Nov 2025 Paper 61 Q5

Exercise 2 — IGCSE 0654 March 2024 Paper 62 Q5

Cambridge past paperPractical Paper 62March 2024
IGCSE 0654 March 2024 Paper 62 Question 5 — Lenses
Show mark scheme
Mark scheme for IGCSE 0654 March 2024 Paper 62 Q5

Exercise 3 — IGCSE 0654 Oct/Nov 2024 Paper 63 Q5

Cambridge past paperPractical Paper 63Oct/Nov 2024
IGCSE 0654 Oct/Nov 2024 Paper 63 Question 5 — Lenses
Show mark scheme
Mark scheme for IGCSE 0654 Oct/Nov 2024 Paper 63 Q5

Exercise 4 — IGCSE 0654 Oct/Nov 2023 Paper 62 Q5

Cambridge past paperPractical Paper 62Oct/Nov 2023
IGCSE 0654 Oct/Nov 2023 Paper 62 Question 5 — Lenses
Show mark scheme
Mark scheme for IGCSE 0654 Oct/Nov 2023 Paper 62 Q5
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More Waves subtopics