Edexcel IGCSE·Mathematics 4MA1·Foundation & Higher
Algebra
Key knowledge — Algebra
Formulas & equations
Quadratic formula: x = (−b ± √(b²−4ac)) ÷ 2aDifference of two squares: a² − b² = (a+b)(a−b)Completing the square: ax² + bx + c = a(x + b/2a)² + (c − b²/4a)Sum of arithmetic sequence: Sₙ = n/2 × (first + last) = n/2 × (2a + (n−1)d)nth term of AP: aₙ = a + (n−1)dnth term of GP: aₙ = arⁿ⁻¹
Key facts & rules
- To solve a quadratic: factorise, complete the square, or use the formula.
- To solve simultaneous equations: elimination (add/subtract to remove one variable) or substitution.
- Inequalities: flip the sign when multiplying or dividing by a negative number.
- Algebraic fractions: find common denominator, then add/subtract numerators.
- Direct proportion: y = kx. Inverse proportion: y = k/x.
Laws & theorems
- Factor theorem: if (x − a) is a factor of f(x), then f(a) = 0.
Edexcel IGCSE Algebra
180 questions across Foundation and Higher tier. Click a subtopic to start practising.
Algebraic Fractions4 questions
Basic Algebra19 questions
Completing Squares2 questions
Expanding Brackets10 questions
Factorization22 questions
Index Laws18 questions
Inequalities5 questions
Linear Equations12 questions
Proportion5 questions
Quadratic Equations3 questions
Rearranging Formulae And Substitution42 questions
Sequences22 questions
Simplification2 questions
Simultaneous Equations14 questions