Exercise 1 — Cambridge IGCSE 0580 Nov 2024 Paper 13 Q12
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Cambridge IGCSE·Mathematics 0580·Core
Parallel And Perpendicular Lines
Key knowledge — Co Ordinate Geometry
Formulas & equations
Distance between two points: d = √((x₂−x₁)² + (y₂−y₁)²)Midpoint: M = ((x₁+x₂)/2 , (y₁+y₂)/2)Equation of a line through (x₁,y₁) with gradient m: y−y₁ = m(x−x₁)Gradient: m = (y₂−y₁) ÷ (x₂−x₁)
Key facts & rules
- Parallel lines: same gradient.
- Perpendicular lines: gradients multiply to −1.
- The equation of a circle with centre (a,b) and radius r: (x−a)² + (y−b)² = r².
- A tangent to a circle is perpendicular to the radius at the point of contact.
IGCSE Co-ordinate geometry — Parallel and perpendicular lines Practice Core
1 Cambridge IGCSE 0580 questions on parallel and perpendicular lines at the Core tier — each with its full mark scheme. For the Extended tier on the same skill, click here.
How to approach parallel and perpendicular lines — open the study guide
Parallel and perpendicular lines on IGCSE 0580
Practice with past paper questions on parallel and perpendicular lines at the Core tier.
Practice exercises