Edexcel IGCSE·Mathematics 4MA1
Vectors Basic
Key knowledge — Vectors
Formulas & equations
Magnitude of vector (a, b): |v| = √(a² + b²)Unit vector: v̂ = v ÷ |v|If M is the midpoint of AB: OM = ½(OA + OB)Column vector addition: (a,b) + (c,d) = (a+c, b+d)Scalar multiplication: k(a,b) = (ka, kb)
Key facts & rules
- Vectors have magnitude AND direction; scalars have magnitude only.
- AB = OB − OA (go from A to B via origin).
- Parallel vectors: one is a scalar multiple of the other.
- Collinear points: AB and AC are parallel (and share point A).
- To prove a quadrilateral is a parallelogram: show two pairs of opposite sides are equal vectors.
Vectors (basic)
3 Edexcel IGCSE past paper questions on vectors (basic). All from official 4MA1 papers.
Question 1 of 3
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Question 2 of 3
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Question 3 of 3
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